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				Between about 1050 and 1200 the troubadors appeared at the courts of Provence together with their most favoured instrument, the fiddle.
A wall painting at Hagia Sohia, Kiev, showing a group of acrobats of the Imperial Byzantine Circus playing flute, trumpets or shawms, lute, psaltery, and cymbals.			The main instruments for performing art music in the early middle ages were bowed and plucked strings: fiddle, rebec, harp, psaltery, and gittern. The transverse flute appears only occasionally along with other instruments such as portative organ and hurdy-gurdy. It seems to have been known only in the Holy Roman Empire, or the lands loosely known as Germany. This is probably the source of the names flûte d'Allemagne and 'German flute' for the transverse instrument.
							A bronze aquamanile, or water-vessel, of around 1100, found in eastern Slovakia and now in the National Museum, Budapest.
Medieval flute page